Essay on Guru Teg bahadur Ji – Our society has always needed such great men whose sacrifices inspire us to give up our lives but do not give up the truth. One of these great men was a great sacrificer “Guru Tegh Bahadur ji”. Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji laid down his life to protect the rights and faith of others without thinking of himself.
Essay on Guru Tegh bahadur Ji in English – Short / Long
Essay on Guru Tegh Bahadur in 300 Words
The history of India is full of saga of valor and stories and sacrifices of many such great men. The memories of such great men always inspire us to do something for this country. It is everyone’s duty to sacrifice to protect one’s religion, but to sacrifice to protect the faith of others is only the story of Guru Tegh Bahadur’s sacrifice.
Guru Tegh Bahadur ji is the only example who gave his life to protect the faith of others. In this post, we will throw light on some special things related to Guru Tegh Bahadur ji.
Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Guru of the Sikhs, following the path laid down by the first Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Nanak Dev. He has composed 115 texts. When Kashmiri Pandits and other Hindus were being forcibly converted to Islam, Guru Tegh Bahadur opposed it. In 1675 AD, he was beheaded in front of the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb because he did not accept Islam.
Gurdwara Sheesh Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib is the place where Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji was assassinated. This place reminds him. He sacrificed his life for religion and human values, ideals and culture.
Guru Tegh Bahadur ji was born as the fifth son of Guru Hargobind Singh of Amritsar located in Punjab. His childhood name was Tyagamal. At the age of 14, he had shown his valor with his father in the war against the Mughals. Impressed by his bravery, his father named him Tegh Bahadur.
Guru Tegh Bahadur ji visited many places for the propagation of religion. It went to Prayag, Banaras, Patna and Assam etc. And there he did economic, religious and social related work. Sharing the knowledge of spirituality and religion.
Criticizing superstitions and customs set a new ideal. He did philanthropic work by digging wells and getting dharamshalas built. In the midst of English poetry tours, a son was born to Guru ji in 1666 and this son was known as the tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh.
Birth and Childhood of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib Ji was born on Sunday, April 1, 1621, at Guru-ke-Mahal (Amritsar) to father Guru Hargobind and mother Nanaki. He was very calm since childhood. His heart was very kind and soft. His nature was very polite and demeanor was very simple. Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji loved Guru Tegh Bahadar very much. People always used to say, “He (Tegh Bahadur) has come with a divine identity since birth.”
Education and other training
Guru Hargobind knew that Tegh Bahadur would be very brave and benevolent, so he insisted on all necessary training for him. He was handed over to Bhai Gurdas ji for literacy (different education). After this he was sent to Baba Budha ji to learn the importance of labor and other virtues. Bhai Jetha ji was entrusted with the task of teaching scriptures. Apart from this, Tegh Bahadur ji also studied Gurbani very deeply. Horse riding was also good Father Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji was very happy to see your Shastri education. Guru Hargobind ji used to say to his child that one day our son would surely be rich in running the teg and when he grew up he did the same, both devotion and power remained with him.
Preparation for war by Guru Hargobind
Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji had issued an order from the Akal Takht to the Sikh Sangat to face the Mughals, that all Sikhs should offer only arms and horses in the offering. Guruji himself also wore two swords – Meeri and Piri (of devotion and power). Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji fought four heavy battles.
- The first battle took place at Amritsar on 15 May 1628, in which Guruji defeated a 7,000 Muslim army. Guru Tegh Bahadur was 7 years old at that time.
- In the second battle, Guru Hargobind defeated the Mughal army of 15,000. This war was also witnessed by Guru Tegh Bahadur ji.
- The third battle took place at Nathawa in Malwa. Guru Sahib ji was also successful in this battle and drove away 35,000 Muslim soldiers.
- The fourth battle took place at Kartarpur Sahib, in which Nawab Painde Khan came with an army of one lakh. Guru Tegh Bahadur was 13 years old in this battle, but he wielded his sword with his father and fought a fierce battle against the Mughals.
After these wars, Guru Hargobind moved to Kiratpur Sahib with his family.
Guru Tegh Bahadur’s marriage
Guru Tegh Bahadur ji was engaged to Lal Chand and Mata Bishan Kaur’s daughter Gujri at Kiratpur Sahib and they were married in March 1622 at Kartarpur Sahib. It is said about the life of Mata Gujri ji, that she is the greatest woman in Sikh history, herself a martyr, whose husband, son Guru Gobind Singh, whose four grandchildren Baba Ajit Singh, Baba Jujhar Singh, Baba Zorawar Singh, Baba Fateh Singh Shaheed and whose brother Kripal Chand is also martyr. That’s why she is the greatest woman in Sikh history.
Death of Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji
In his last days, Guru Hargobind entrusted the responsibility of gurugaddi to Shri Harrai ji, the son of Gurdita ji, the elder brother of Guru Tegh Bahadur ji. Mata Nanaki ji had asked the 6th Patshah about her son (Guru Tegh Bahadur) and he said, “There is no need to worry” he too will get his due in due course. On March 3, 1644, Guru Hargobind Sahib ji joined the Jyoti Jot.
Guru Tegh Bahadur’s residence in Bakale
After the death of Guru Hargobind ji, Guru Tegh Bahadur ji along with his mother Nanaki and wife Mata Gujri came to his maternal grandmother Bakale. He started doing bhakti in solitude in a kutcha building here. His mind was always on the work of protecting the welfare of the people and religion, he also used to think that how the destiny of the country can be changed. He did penance at Bhora Sahib for 26 years, 9 months and 13 days.
Twenty-two Gaddia (22 hypocritical gurus) in Bakala
Guru Tegh Bahadur ji’s elder brother Gurdita ji’s son Shri Harrai ji and after him Shri Harakrishna ji, the son of Guru Shri Harrai ji got the Guru Gaddi. All the gurus had tried to convince the Mughals in their own way, but the Mughals ignored their words. Guru Harkrishna ji knew that only the sacrifice of Guru Tegh Bahadur ji could stop the atrocities of the Mughals. Only after their sacrifice will the oppressed/sleeping people rise/wake up. So when he started going to Sachkhand, then he said the words for the successor of the next Gurugaddi –
Baba Basahi village Bakale.
Bani Gur, Sangat Sakal Samale.
Which meant that the next successor will meet you in Bakale who are doing penance there, saying so much Guru Harkrishna ji got hold of the joti on March 30, 1664. After the departure of Guru Harkrishan ji, all the hypocrites in Bakala started calling themselves the real gurus and everyone took their respective thrones in Bakala.
Saving the sinking ship of Bhai Makhan Shah
Bhai Makhan was a big businessman of Shah ji. He used to trade by sea. One day when his ship was returning with passengers and luggage, a storm struck on the way. Due to the strong storm, the ship was unable to move forward and the danger of sinking the ship was increasing. Bhai Makhan Shah ji’s eyes fell on a Sikh who was sitting in the corner with his eyes closed and absorbed in the devotion of the Lord. Seeing this Bhai Makhan Shah ji went to him and asked that the ship is in danger, there is a huge storm and there is no way to escape. How are you sitting so quiet? Do you have solution for this?
The Sikh replied, “There is nothing to fear. Pray at the holy feet of Guru Nanak Dev ji, he can help us in this hour of trouble and he will sail our fleet.” Hearing this, everyone started praying to Guru Nanak Dev ji, and all of them got absorbed in devotion. And forgot the danger of the ship sinking. All those names were engaged in Simran, when suddenly they realized that someone had shouldered the ship and put it on the shore. When the ship made a sudden jolt, everyone’s eyes were opened and they saw that they were all out of the storm.
Bhai Makhan Shah asked the Sikh of the Guru, “Where is the holy house of Guru Nanak Dev Ji”? The Sikh of the Guru said, “Nowadays his ninth soul/heir is sitting on his throne and he is doing penance at Bakala.” Hearing this, Bhai Makhan Shah said, “I will also go to see Baba ji with you and present 500 gold seals to him, who protected us and our property in the storm.” As the shipwreck landed, he and his companions decided to head to the village of Bakale.
True Guru Ladho Re
Bhai Makhan Shah left for Bakale village with his companions. He went to Buckle and saw that the Guru was sitting on 22 mattresses/beds. Who is the real Guru? Who saved us from the storm? All these questions could not be answered because everyone was calling themselves the real gurus. Seeing all this Bhai Makhan Shah advised his companions that he would bow down to each Guru with 5 pieces each, who would be the real Guru, he would himself ask for the promised amount. He did the same and went ahead with 5-5 seals but no one made any demand. Thus Bhai Makhan Shah tested that there is no true Guru among them, all are hypocrites.
Seeing all this, Bhai Makhan Shah asked a villager, “Is any other Guru living here?” He said, “There lives a devotee named Tega, he does not do any hypocrisy, nor does he call himself a guru, he lives in a mud house and gets little from anyone.” The villagers dropped Bhai Makhan Shah at the Guru’s house. Bhai Makhan Shah expressed the hope that it was the same Guru who had helped him. When he reached home, he requested to meet Guruji, but Mata Nanaki said that Guru Tegh refused to meet anyone. But Bhai Makhan Shah said that we have come from far away and we have to go back. Hearing this, the mother brought them inside. Bhai Makhan Shah was astonished to see inside, there was a divine, spiritual idol in front of him. He tried to test you by placing 5 seals in front of you and bowed down. Then Guru ji said, “Just brothers, Sikhs, these 5 seals, You promised 500 pieces during the storm, now you have not kept your promise. It was very hard to get the ship out of the storm. Saying this, Guruji lifted the cloth from his shoulder. . Bhai Makhan Shah was astonished to see Guruji’s wounds which were still fresh and the marks of the ship’s forts were also visible. Seeing this, he fell at the feet of Guru ji and said that you saved him from drowning, showed the way to the wandering and donated life to the dead. Bhai Makhan Shah came out saying ‘Guru Ladho Re’, ‘Guru Ladho Re’ in his mind. He showed the way to the wandering and gave life to the dead. Bhai Makhan Shah came out saying ‘Guru Ladho Re’, ‘Guru Ladho Re’ in his mind. He showed the way to the wandering and gave life to the dead. Bhai Makhan Shah came out saying ‘Guru Ladho Re’, ‘Guru Ladho Re’ in his mind.
He went to his place at night and made a dress. As per the order of the Guru, whoever seeks the Guru, his face will turn black. He got up in the morning, put the clothes on a plate, the price of the promise, and took ashes from the langar/kitchen house and applied it on his face. He, along with his comrades at Bakale, shouted ‘Guru Ladho Re’, ‘Guru Ladho Re’ and appeared before Guru Maharaj. He dressed Guru ji and Guru ji said, ‘You have fulfilled the Guru’s words by sooting your face.’ Hearing this, Bhai Makhan Shah fell at his feet and said, ‘Your Majesty, if you had stayed hidden, the Sikhs would have gone astray and the Guru’s glory would have been diminished. Now please take this responsibility and guide us. When everyone came to know about this, then on April 6, 1664, Guru Tegh Bahadur was consecrated by Bhai Gurditta. Thus the True Guru appeared before the people.
After getting the Guru Gaddi, Guru Tegh Bahadar Ji started campaigning. He went to Amritsar Sahib, Tarn Taran Sahib, Khadoor Sahib, Malwa, Saab Ki Talwandi etc. and guided the people. Then you reached Sri Anandpur Sahib.
Establishment of Anandpur Sahib by Guru Ji
Guru ji had bought land for the construction of Sri Anandpur Sahib on 19 June 1665 from Bhim Chand’s father, Dalip Chand, worth one lakh 57 thousand rupees. The city was named Chak Nanaki and later renamed as Sri Anandapur. Guru ji laid great emphasis on its construction, good artisans were called. The artisans started permanent work in the market, on the roads, in the house. At this place Bhai Makhan Shah Lubana asked Guru ji to bid farewell and said, ‘Bless me wherever I go, wherever I may be, I may have your darshan. Guruji said that I will always be with you by chanting Gurbani.
Guru ji set out on a pilgrimage on October 3, 1665, handing over the construction work of Shri Anandpur Sahib to the servitors. He cured the smallpox disease of Mata Karmo Dei in Laihal village (Patiala) where there is now Gurdwara Dukhnivaran Sahib. In Sekhan, Choudhary’s ego was broken and in Bhaini, the upper caste people’s ego was broken. Now Gurdwara Gurusar Shishobhit is situated at this place. While traveling and guiding the people, Guru ji reached Bhopal again at Sabo ki Talwandi and guided the sinners, the arrogant, the angry and asked them to follow the straight path. The matter of his glory had become a matter of concern for Aurangzeb. He gave a message to you ji that if you are a pir then do miracles. From there you started towards Delhi. When you reached Delhi, about 30 with you. 000 Sikh Sangat. You were brought with respect to Aurangzeb. There was a direct conversation with Aurangzeb. When Aurangzeb asked you to perform miracles, you said, “Miracles is the name of havoc.” Many things happened between Aurangzeb and Guru Tegh Bahadar. Impressed by his words, Aurangzeb had to say, “Guru Tegh Bahadur is a fakir. They live in the will of Allah and God is the only support they have.” Saying this Aurangzeb fell silent.
You reached Mathura from Delhi, then reached Agra, Kanpur, Prayag (Allahabad), Mirzapur and then Banaras. Guru Nanak Dev Ji’s feet were lying in Banaras, so Guru Tegh Bahadar was very happy to come there. In Banaras, you had removed the code of a cod.
You reached Gaya from Banaras, then Patna in May 1666 AD. You had rested in a garden outside the city of Patna, which is now the Gurdwara Guru-ka-Bagh. Then the people of Patna brought you to their homes with respect and gradually you made your place of residence in Patna itself. You spent most of the time in Patna, then you went ahead for campaigning by handing over the responsibility of family members to your maternal uncle Kirpal, Bhai Diyala Ji, Bhai Santiya Ji and other Sikhs.
Birth of Guru Gobind Singh Ji
Guru Tegh Bahadar reached Dhaka giving his sermons. He was still in Dhaka when, on 26 December 1666, the news of the birth / arrival of Guru Gobind Singh came from Patna. He thanked the sangat of Patna and named the boy Gobind. Sweets and money were distributed among the poor.
During the journey, he made a picture of himself as per his mother’s wish. This photo is in the Victoria Museum, Calcutta. After that you set out on a journey to Assam. He left for Patna from Assam. After reaching Patna, he spent time with his son. You stayed here for 3 months and preached to the sangat and left your family there and went to Punjab. You reached Sri Anandpur Sahib from Karnal via Delhi.
This is where Bhai Ghaniya ji had come to meet you. You asked them to carry a pot of water and serve water and promised that you would serve water to the enemies even on the battlefield without any discrimination. Bhai Ghaniya ji used to come to Shri Anandpur Sahib every year and was engaged in the service of water.
When the construction work of the city of Shri Anandpur Sahib was completed, then you called Guru Gobind Singh Ji with his family to Shri Anandpur Sahib. After spending some time with the family, you left the family and went on a tour of Malwa in 1673 AD. You returned to Sri Anandpur Sahib in November 1674 when you learned that Aurangzeb had crossed the Punjab border on his own to suppress the rebellion of Khatak and Afridi.
Aurangzeb’s atrocities
Aurangzeb ascended the throne in 1658 AD by imprisoning his father Shah Jahan and killing his brothers. Because of his behavior, no Islamic country gave him importance. So to restore his prestige, he started propagating/spreading Muslim religion. He started persecuting non-Muslims and Sufi saints. He started demolishing Hindu temples and schools and also killing Sufi saints for Muslim propaganda. Aurangzeb was fond of seeing miracles/enchantments. He used to see miracles from the mystics. Whenever Sufi saints were imprisoned, they were told this, Either show miracles or else adopt death. He had banned the making and selling of pottery (toys). He had also banned raga. People were deeply saddened by his atrocities. He used to force people to convert to Islam and some people were fed up with his atrocities and converted to Islam.
Aurangzeb wanted to spread Islam all over India. For this he had chosen Kashmir. There were many reasons for choosing Kashmir because Kashmiri Pandits lived there, who were considered very learned and famous. He thought that if Pandits became Muslims, it would be easy to convert others. The second reason was that, as Kashmir was close to Kabul and Peshawar, soldiers could come to India in the name of jihad if needed.
Aurangzeb made Afghan Khan the governor/governor of Kashmir to fulfill his plans and Afghan Khan banned visiting temples and holding religious fairs. Troubled by the atrocities, Kashmiri Pandits decided to go on a journey to Amarnath. Going to the cave of Amarnath, he prayed for the relief of his sorrows and it is said that a voice came from inside the cave, ‘You go to Guru Tegh Bahadur, who is seated on the throne of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, ask your Pray for the removal of sorrows, so that Hinduism can be protected. Guru Tegh Bahadur is the only one on earth who will be able to protect you.
Kashmiri Pandits’ plea
Kashmiri Pandits reach Sri Anandpur Sahib. After reaching there, Pandit Kirpa Ram pleaded in front of Guru ji that we are deeply saddened by Aurangzeb’s atrocities. He wants to destroy Hinduism. You are an incarnation of God, you can protect Hinduism by holding our arm. Now no one can protect us except you. Pandit kept narrating his sad story and requested Guru ji that we have come under your shelter, save us from persecution/atrocities. Hearing all this, Guru ji made up his mind that now by sacrificing himself to the Mughals It’s time to be ashamed.
At the same time, the boy Gobind came to the court playing outside. He asked the reason for the Pandits talking to Guruji, then Guruji said, “Son, this is a Kashmiri Pandit. They are very sad, Aurangzeb wants to convert them to Muslims and they have come to us for help.” Hearing this, Bal Gobind said, “With what kind of help can their sorrows be resolved?” Responding to Bal Gobind’s point, Guru ji said, “Only the sacrifice of a great person can save the Hindu religion”. Then Bal Gobind spontaneously said, “Father, there can be no other great person than you. “
Guruji was moved to hear Bal Gobind’s words. Guruji hugged his son and said, “Son, this is what I expected from you. You have now become worthy of the throne. After my sacrifice, you have to take care of all this.” Saying this Guruji started addressing the Pandits, Guruji said, “Send my message to Aurangzeb that Guru Tegh Bahadur is our Agu (Guru). Not all of you, only show them by getting them to accept Islam, if they accept Islam then we will all accept Islam. Hearing all this, Kashmiri Pandits got relief/satisfaction and they started towards Kashmir.
Guru Tegh Bahadur’s preparation for Delhi
Satisfied with Guruji, Pandit returned to Kashmir and told the governor that if you make Guru Tegh Bahadur a Muslim, then we will also become a Muslim. When the governor told this to Aurangzeb, Aurangzeb thought that if by converting a fakir to Islam, everyone automatically becomes a Muslim, then what is the need of persecuting the rest of us? Thinking this, he ordered Guruji to be arrested. As soon as he got the news, Guruji started preparing to go to Delhi. On 8 July 1675, he handed over the throne to Guru Gobind Singh and on 11 July, Guruji left for Delhi with Panch Singh (Bhai Dayala Ji, Bhai Sati Das Ji, Bhai Mati Das Ji, Bhai Gurditta Ji and Bhai Uday Ji). . The rest of the sangat also wanted to go with Guruji, but Guruji refused.
Agra arrest and torture of Guru Tegh Bahadur
When Guru Tegh Bahadur ji reached Agra, he was arrested by the Mughal army. Bhai Dayala ji, Bhai Sati Das ji and Bhai Mati Das ji were also arrested with him. The other two Sikhs (Bhai Gurdita ji and Bhai Uday ji) were forbidden from being arrested by Guruji. He was given the responsibility of handling the post-genocide occasion and delivering the news to Sri Anandpur Sahib. In Delhi, you were imprisoned in an iron cage at the Kotwali of Chandni Chowk. You were tortured to stand in a cage continuously and many other types of torture, but a different divine light kept shining on his face and you remained stable. The martyrdom of all the three Sikhs was done in front of you so that you can change your decision, but you remain adamant. You kept courage and patience and thanked that God all the time.
Guruji’s Sikhs were also subjected to various types of torture, but all remained calm and stable, Bhai Mati Das Ji was killed by being cut with a saw.
Bhai Sati Das ji was martyred by wrapping it in cotton/cotton, pouring oil on it and setting it on fire.
Bhai Dayala ji was martyred by boiling him in a boiling deg.
All these martyrdoms were done in front of Guruji so that he becomes weak, but Guruji remained unshakable even after seeing the martyrdom of his loved ones. Guruji was overjoyed to see his beloved Sikhs passing the test given by the Akal Purakh/Paramatma and his heart became even more hardened towards his decision.
Martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji
Finally, on November 11, 1675, Guru Tegh Bahadar ji was brought out of the cage. After taking a bath at the well, he recited Japuji Sahib. In the afternoon, Guruji was brought out of the Kotwali. He was brought in shock and thousands of people had gathered there. The Qazi again repeated the same condition, but he also gave the same answer. “Finally the executioner raised his sword and separated Guru Sahib’s head from the body” and thus Guru Tegh Bahadur ji had saved the Hindu religion by sacrificing his life. .
History testifies that as soon as the martyrdom / massacre took place, there was a huge storm, no one could see anything in that storm. Being frightened, the people and the soldiers hid inside the Kotwali. Such a red wind blew that the man could not see the man.
Bringing Guru ji’s head by Bhai Jaita ji
Bhai Jaita ji was the main servant of Guruji’s house. Even before Guruji’s martyrdom, he had planned to raise the head as soon as Guruji was martyred. On the other hand, when Guru ji was martyred, Bhai Jaita ji bravely raised the head of Guru Sahib and he proceeded towards Anandpur Sahib in the storm itself. Upon reaching Anandpur Sahib, Guru Gobind Singh had darshan of Guruji’s head. Seeing his father’s head, Guru Gobind Singh took Bhai Jaita in his arms and uttered the word.
“Son of Rangreta Guru”
Mata Gujri ji saw her husband’s head and bowed to him. The shisha was then washed with rose water and the last rites were performed.
Guruji’s body was cremated by Lakhi Shah Vanzara. Lakhi Shah Vanzara was a royal contractor. They were allowed to come and go everywhere. On that day he reached the Red Fort with his belongings, he picked up Guruji’s body and placed it in his bullock cart parked outside. His son and brother Uday ji and brother Gurdita ji also stayed with the vehicles. Due to the darkness, storm and dust due to the passing of vehicles, it became impossible for the soldiers to know when and how someone took away Guruji’s body and head. After escaping from there, Lakhi Shah Vanzara reached his camp/residence in Rakabganj. This Sikh of Guruji made Guruji’s holy body chikha in his own house and set fire to the house along with his belongings and then bowed his head and thanked God. When people asked the reason for the fire, they said that the fire was caused by natural causes and no one had any doubts.
Construction of Gurdwara Sheesh Ganj
Gurdwara Rakabganj has now been constructed at the place where Lakhi Shah Vanzara performed the last rites of Guru Tegh Bahadur ji at home and where Guru Tegh Bahadur was martyred, Gurdwara Sheesh Ganj is decorated. This gurudwara is a symbol of the martyrdom of Guru Tegh Bahadar and the protector of Hinduism. Devotees from far and wide come to have his darshan. Guru Tegh Bahadar ji is also known as “Hind ki Chadar”.
Chandni Chowk Delhi
Guru Tegh Bahadur Prakash Utsav
Guru Tegh Bahadur Prakash Utsav falls in the month of April. Sikh Sangat considers this festival with great pomp. During this Gurpurab in Sheesh Ganj Gurdwara, a lot of Sangat come to seek the blessings of Guru ji.
In the year 2021, the 400th anniversary of Guru Ji’s Prakash Utsav is coming. This Prakash Utsav will be celebrated with great gaiety all over the world.
Guru Tegh Bahadur Martyrdom Day
Guru Tegh Bahadur Martyrdom Day falls in the month of November. The Sikh Sangat considers this day with great devotion and devotion. From Sheesh Ganj Gurdwara to all the Gurudwaras of the world, the teachings of Guru ji are remembered.
We hope that by reading this blog, you must have got good information about Guru Ki. If you have any question or suggestion regarding this post then please comment.
